Inevitably, the deployment of AI enabled South Korea to respond efficiently and early to Covid-19. The development of AI tools for measuring Covid-19 infection risk is also underway. The kits were developed with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) by South Korean biogenetic firms even before the detection of patient zero in South Korea and are now mass-produced in smart factories for export. Its smart cities digital hub-a system developed based on state-of-the-art tools for efficient management of transportation, water, energy, and other networks-has been used as a platform for the Covid-19 Smart Management System (SMS), which traces and detects virus clusters using rapid and nationwide RT-PCR testing. South Korea has relied on the core technologies developed through such efforts to better manage pandemic governance. The country’s digital prowess during the pandemic has been evidenced by augmented exports of its semiconductors and solid-state drives and continued expansion of 5G network infrastructure led by Samsung. In South Korea, digitalization has rapidly transformed the way of life over the past few decades. HIGH-TECH AND DIGITAL METHODS DEPLOYED IN SOUTH KOREA’S PANDEMIC GOVERNANCE This essay examines these issues further to shed light on the comparative dimensions of data governance among democracies. At the same time, the country still engages in constant debates over data privacy and public health safety through the handling of individual claims for data protection under the Personal Information Protection Act. In contrast to the demand for freedom from interference in the United States and Europe, South Korea has manifested a public willingness to surrender partial data for freedom from the threat of the virus. In the case of South Korea, prior experience with infectious diseases established a precedent for mandating conditional data collection under the revised Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act (IDCPA). Countries are thus on their own to determine their data governance policies. There is still no global consensus on this issue, and there may never be. The pandemic has compelled governments to choose a policy path on data deployment, whether or not they are equipped with the required technology.Īs the pandemic lingers on amid vaccination efforts, how data should be used by governments in a public health crisis will remain under debate. Technical capabilities and existing infrastructure in network connectivity play a critical role as well. Laws on controlling infectious diseases and implementing personal data protection that vary by jurisdiction have led to different policy choices and outcomes. Several factors influence a country’s approach to deploying data for battling Covid-19. Some have deployed data with clear policy goals, while others have declined to do so or are still undecided. Countries have exhibited stark differences in their preferred approaches to data governance. As the pandemic accelerated the contactless mode of life, expanding the digital realm of the global economy with an unprecedented speed, the virus has inadvertently unleashed new methods of surveillance.Ĭentral to the policy debate is the collection and processing of data for combating the pandemic. In the absence of a global standard on how to manage data, countries around the world have exhibited different approaches to deploying data in pandemic governance, particularly in the testing and tracking of Covid-19 and surveillance mechanisms for monitoring quarantines. The Covid-19 pandemic has sparked a fierce debate on the collection, processing, and control of data.
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